Department of Pharmacy

Doctor of Pharmacy

Program Mission

Program Educational Objectives

Program Learning Outcomes

Curriculum

Faculty

Doctor of Pharmacy

The Department of Pharmacy offers a 5-year Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D) program which is duly accredited by the Pharmacy Council of Pakistan (PCP). The department follows the latest HEC and PCP approved curriculum. The curriculum not only provides a solid foundation of the discipline but also equips the students with knowledge and skills required to practice as quality healthcare professionals. Along with the theory, the curriculum has practical work as a major component of the degree program. Training of the students in clinical pharmacy and hospital pharmacy at tertiary care hospitals, field trips for collection of medicinal plants and study tours to pharmaceutical industries are conducted as a part of the pharmacy curriculum. The Pharm.D graduates find positions in pharmaceutical industry, academia, drug regulatory authorities, and other healthcare sectors.

Program Mission

"To produce competent pharmacy professionals through a contemporary curriculum emphasizing quality education, practical skills and critical thinking with a sense of ethical and social responsibility and continuous professional growth."

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

The Pharm-D program aims to prepare the graduates who are expected to:

Demonstrate excellence in profession through in depth knowledge and skills as pharmacists in pharmacy practice, industry, academia and research and development.
Demonstrate the strong ethical and professional values, critical thinking, and social and management skills.
Engage in continuous professional development and lifelong learning.

Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) Mapping to Curriculum

The Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm-D) program prepares graduates who, upon graduation, are expected to:

Professional Knowledge: An ability to demonstrate sound knowledge of basic medical sciences, pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy and pharmacy practice.
Professional Services: An ability to apply professional knowledge in various disciplines of the profession like clinical, hospital, community, drug regulation, industry, academia and research and development.
Design and Development: An ability to design, develop and analyze selected dosage forms and drug delivery systems.
Pharmaceutical Industry: An ability to demonstrate knowledge of design, work flow of various departments, unit operations, equipments and processes used in a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility.
Pharmaceutical care: An ability to design, implement, evaluate, and modify patient-specific pharmaceutical care plan in consultation with patients and healthcare team to achieve health outcomes and improve patient’s quality of life.
Drug Safety: An ability to identify, prevent, monitor, and manage drug interactions, adverse drug effects, contraindications and medication errors.
Community Health Services: An ability to perform compounding, dispensing, patient counseling and education, and to provide public health services.
Distribution and Sale: An ability to demonstrate an understanding of the systems for distribution, marketing and retail sale of medications and associated medical products.
Management Skills: An ability to apply pharmaceutical management principles to manage pharmaceutical projects from start to end as a team member or as an individual.
Communication Skills: Demonstrate effective interpersonal, oral and written communications skills to interact with healthcare professionals, patients and other stakeholders.
Ethics: A commitment to apply ethical principles, professional ethics, adhere to social responsibility, norms and comply with the laws of pharmaceutical practice.
Lifelong Learning : Recognize importance of, and pursue, lifelong learning and further the body of knowledge in the broader context of development of the profession.

Semester Plan

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
SS103	English-A (Functional English) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course aims at learning word order, identification of phrases, sentence structure and paragraph writing. It focuses on understanding English sentence structure to help the students achieve proficiency in language use, develop listening skills, improve reading efficiency and build up vocabulary. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Practice English correctly in speaking and writing. Follow English vocabulary and skills to use it in professional life. Identify common errors usually made by the learners of English as a second language.	3+0	None
PD101	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IA (Organic) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to provide basic knowledge of pharmaceutical organic chemistry which helps students understand the advanced courses, such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, drug analysis, and pharmaceutics. It introduces basic concepts, nomenclature, structure and chemistry of different functional groups, stereochemistry, aromatic compounds and their pharmaceutical uses. Lab work includes identification tests of different functional groups. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Recognize important functional groups, methods of preparation, properties, and their medicinal uses. Describe the concept of aromaticity and the main properties of aromatic compounds. Explain stereoisomerism and list the different types of stereoisomerism. Identify different functional groups of organic compounds.	3+1	None
PD102	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IIA (Biochemistry) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course presents the interrelationship of chemistry and functions of living cells, role of pharmaceutical biochemistry in health profession and nature of biochemical reactions. The main topics are basic chemistry, structure and role of biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and vitamins. Experimental work includes quantitative and qualitative analysis of biomolecules. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe structural, chemical and biochemical properties of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and enzymes Explain the biological and pharmaceutical importance of biomolecules. Perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of biomolecules.	3+1	None
PD103	Pharmaceutics-IA (Physical Pharmacy) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course provides a history of pharmacy and an overview of various disciplines of the pharmacy profession and pharmacy related physicochemical principles. The main topics include history of pharmacy through ancient, Greek and Arab periods with special reference to the contribution of the Muslim scientists, profession and its disciplines, pharmacy-related physical principles: solubilization, adsorption, hydrolysis, micromeritics, solutions, suspension, emulsions, colloids, and their application in pharmacy. Experimental work is also a part of the course. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the history and scope of the pharmacy profession. Explain physicochemical principles of solubilization, hydrolysis, ionization, micromeritics, and their importance in physical pharmacy. Explain basic concepts of dispersed systems with respect to physical pharmacy.	3+1	None
PD104	Physiology-A Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides details of the normal functioning of the human body and explains the organization, correlation of organ systems at cellular and molecular level, and develops physiological links with pathology and pharmacology. Important topics include the physiological processes of nervous system, muscular system, endocrine system, homeostasis, metabolism; experimental physiology of neural control mechanisms and sensory systems, lab practicals. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the role of organ systems in the maintenance of homeostasis. Explain the fundamental physiological functions including cell, nervous system, muscular system, endocrine system and their underlying mechanisms. Perform lab practicals to demonstrate an understanding of physiological parameters of neural and sensory control processes.	3+1	None
PD105	Anatomy & Histology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces the structure, composition and anatomical position of tissues and organ systems of the human body. The major topics covered in this course include cells, tissues, integumentary, cardiovascular, alimentary, urinary, reproductive, endocrine, nervous systems and principles of histological techniques of specific tissues. Lab work related to selected topics is also performed. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain structure, composition and anatomical position of organs systems of human body. Explain interrelationships among molecular, cellular, tissue and organ functions in each system. Identify epithelium, muscular and connective tissues on anatomical slides. Prepare histological slides of various tissues.	3+1	None

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
PD123	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IB (Organic) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course focuses on the key concepts in organic chemistry as applied in pharmacy. Important topics include heterocyclic compounds, organic reaction mechanisms, types and stability of reaction intermediates, preparation of organic compounds and their pharmaceutical applications. Experimental work includes preparation of organic compounds. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of pharmaceutical applications of organic compounds. Describe mechanisms of elimination, substitution, and rearrangement reactions. Explain the structure, reactivity, and synthesis of various reactive intermediates. Prepare pharmaceutical organic compounds.	3+1	SS104
SS124	English-B (Communication & Writing skills) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course aims to enhance students’ linguistic command so they can communicate effectively in diversified sociocultural situations and identify as well as repair any instances of potential communication break-up. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Communicate effectively using intermediate-to-advanced level English. Participate in group discussions by attentive listening, questioning to clarify ideas, eliciting responses, or disagreeing in a constructive way. Develop rhetorical knowledge and critical thinking.	3+0	None
PD126	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IIB (Biochemistry) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course describes the interrelationship of chemistry and functions of living cells. Important topics include introduction to biomolecules, their structures and roles, the bioenergetics of anabolic and metabolic pathways, regulation of metabolic processes and an introduction to clinical chemistry in diagnosis of various diseases of man. Lab work includes analysis of biomolecules. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe cellular eukaryotic metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids and protein. Explain the genetic expression, phases in the replication and complete expression of gene till post transcriptional modifications. Describe the roles of co-factors, co-enzymes and endocrine system in human metabolism. Analyze biomolecules through qualitative and quantitative analyses.	3+1	None
PD127	Pharmaceutics-IB (Physical Pharmacy) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides a multidisciplinary knowledge of mathematics, physics and chemistry as applied to pharmacy. Important topics include physicochemical processes, rheology, rate and order of reactions, kinetic principles, stability testing of drugs and their application to pharmacy. Experiments are performed to demonstrate physicochemical processes. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain principles, mechanisms and pharmaceutical applications of physicochemical processes. Illustrate principles and fundamental concepts of rheology and its application to different pharmaceutical systems. Apply the knowledge of rate and order of reaction to analyze the chemical stability of various drug products. Demonstrate how to perform various physicochemical processes.	3+1	CS106
PD128	Physiology-B Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides details of the normal functioning of the human body and explains the organization, correlation of organ systems at cellular and molecular level and develops physiological links with pathology and pharmacology. Important topics include functions and mechanisms of the cardiovascular, immune, digestive, respiratory, excretory, reproductive systems, and determination of various physiological parameters in the lab. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of the functions and mechanisms of cardiovascular, immune, digestive, respiratory, excretory, and reproductive systems. Explain the association and correlation of these organ systems to one another. Explain the pathophysiology of common diseases related to these organ systems. Measure various physiological parameters of blood, CVS and respiratory systems.	3+1	None

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
SS108	Islamic Studies Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course is aimed to provide basic information about Islamic Studies; and to enhance understanding of the learners regarding Islamic Civilization. The course masters the skill of the learners to understand issues related to faith and religious life. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic Civilization. Improve Students’ skill to perform prayers and other worships to enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues Related to faith and religious life.	3+0
PD201	Pharmaceutics-IIA (Dosage Forms Science) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides a study of the physicochemical principles involved in the development of pharmaceutical dosage forms. It introduces the principles, practices, materials, and technologies applied in the preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems. Topics includes galenicals; oral solutions, syrups, elixirs, spirits, suspensions, emulsions, magmas and gels; ophthalmic, nasal, otic, topical, transdermal drug delivery systems, and preparation of selected dosage forms in the lab. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the basic physicochemical properties of drugs affecting dosage form design and development. Explain the effect of formulation design on the in-vivo performance of various dosage forms. Prepare dosage forms administered through oral, topical, transdermal, ophthalmic, nasal and otic routes.	3+1
PD202	Pharmacology and Therapeutics-IA Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course explains action of drugs on the body and response of the body to the drugs action. Topics include introduction to drugs and their mechanisms of action, receptors, metabolism and route of administration; enzyme inhibition, enzyme induction, toxicity, dosage regimen, drugs affecting the digestive system and autonomic nervous system. Experimental work includes effect of drugs on gut motility, sympathetic and parasympathetic activities of the eye. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics parameters of drugs, route of drug administration, mechanism of action and possible adverse effects. Select the drug of choice for disease conditions of autonomic nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Demonstrate the effect of drugs on gut motility, sympathetic and parasympathetic activities of the eye.	3+1
PD203	Pharmacognosy-IA (Basic) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course aims to provide knowledge of historical development and scope of the natural sources of drugs. Topics covered under this course are identification, evaluation, extraction of medicinally important plants, traditional systems of medicines such as Unani, Ayurvedic and Homeopathic systems. Lab work includes identification of medicinally important plants through various tests. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain the scope and historical development of pharmacognosy. Demonstrate to have a knowledge of various traditional systems of medicines including Unani, Ayurvedic and Homeopathic. Identify medicinally important plants through organoleptic, physical, chemical and biological properties.	3+1
PD204	Pharmaceutics-IIIA (Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Immunology) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides learning opportunities in the basic principles of medical microbiology and infectious diseases, principles of aseptic practice, and the role of normal microflora of the human body. Important topics include the biology of bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic pathogens and the diseases they cause with relevant clinical examples. Experimental work includes performance and interpretation of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain the structure and function of bacterial and fungal cells, the molecular mechanisms by which they cause diseases in a host. Practice the principles of sterilization in laboratory exercises. Describe the mechanisms that lead to microbial resistance towards antibiotics. Perform common diagnostic lab tests.	3+1
MT211	Pharmacy Practice-IB (Pharmaceutical Mathematics) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces pharmacy students to the principles of applied biostatistics and clinical research methods. The goal of this course is for students to develop the ability to critically appraise health and drug literature in order to make evidence-based decisions in their practice. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Understand the importance of biostatistics Understand different types of data and its collection Have knowledge of doing statistical analysis Apply different statistical methods.	3+0

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
SS118	Pakistan Studies Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course aims to develop a vision of historical perspective, government, politics, contemporary Pakistan, ideological background of Pakistan. The course makes the students aware from Pakistan and with foreign policy, their social and political rights to make them good citizens. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Understand Ideology of Pakistan, Educational movement of Pakistan and Land of Pakistan. Understand political development Understand the resources of Pakistan.	2+0
PD221	Pharmaceutics-IIB (Dosage Forms Science) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides a study of the physicochemical principles, materials, and technologies applied in the preparation of various pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems. Dosage forms covered are suppositories, enemas, aerosols, inhalations, powders, capsules, tablets, parenteral and oral hygiene products. Preparation of various dosage forms is performed in the lab. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain the basic physicochemical properties affecting dosage form design. Explain the impact of physicochemical properties and formulation design on the efficacy of dosage forms. Prepare dosage forms administered through oral, topical, rectal and parenteral route.	3+1
PD222	Pharmacology and Therapeutics-IB Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course explains action of drugs on the body and response of the body to the drugs action. Topics include autacoids, anti-anemic drugs, drugs affecting respiratory tract, genitourinary system, cardiovascular and endocrine system. Experimental work includes effect of drugs on cardiovascular system by modulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic system. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Elaborate pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, classification and detailed mechanism of action of anti-anemic drugs, autacoids and their antagonists. Select the drug of choice for disease conditions of cardiovascular system, genitourinary system, substance modulating endocrine system and genitourinary system. Demonstrate effect of drugs on cardiovascular system by modulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic system.	3+1
PD223	Pharmacognosy-IB (Basic) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides information on the various aspects of the natural sources of drugs. It explains identification, methods of extraction, organoleptic properties, microscopic examination and medicinal importance of crude drugs obtained from natural and semisynthetic sources. Topics covered under this course include drugs of plant and animal origins, biologics, surgical dressings, pesticides, growth regulators, allergens, enzymes and poisonous plants. Experimental work includes microscopic and macroscopic examination of crude drugs. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate having a knowledge of the sources and medicinal importance of crude drugs. Extract crude drugs from botanical sources. Identify crude drugs through organoleptic and microscopic examination.	3+1
PD224	Pharmaceutics-IIIB (Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Immunology) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides an overview of innate and adaptive immunity. Important topics include the structure and function of key receptors including immunoglobulins; T cell receptors and innate pattern recognition receptors; the mechanisms of antibody formation and molecular aspects of cellular immunity including T- and B-cell interactions and lymphocyte memory formation; description of autoimmunity and immunity against major microbial pathogens; transplantation and tumor immunology. Experimental work is also conducted on selected topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the main components of immune system cells, tissues, signal molecules and bioactive factors and their role in immunity. Explain the basic activation mechanism of the immune system and how it responds to various types of pathogens, toxins and allergens. Demonstrate a knowledge of main groups of diseases, related to a failing immune system, for example autoimmunity, allergy and immune deficiency. Perform diagnostic tests based on antigen-antibody reactions.	3+1
MT226	Pharmacy Practice-III (Bio-statistics) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to provide a knowledge of the use of computing technology in the field of pharmacy. Important topics include use of research methodology, system analysis and design, data processing, application of computers in community pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, drug information retrieval and storage, and data analysis. Lab work includes the use of computer in health information and data analysis. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate to have an understanding of the use computer in drug information retrieval and storage. Use computer in data analysis and presentation.	3+0

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
PD302	Pharmacology and Therapeutics-IIA Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course explains action of drugs on the body and response of the body to the drugs action. Topics include sedatives and hypnotics, anxiolytics, antidepressants, anti-manic, antiepileptic, antiparkinsonians, antipsychotics, opioids analgesics, anesthetics, and NSAIDs. Experimental work includes effect of drugs acting on central nervous system like antidepressants and antiepileptic. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, classification and detailed mechanism of action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Select the drug of choice for disease conditions of CNS. Demonstrate effect of drugs on central nervous system like antidepressants and antiepileptic.	3+1
PD303	Pharmacognosy-IIA (Advanced) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to provide advanced knowledge on principles, theories and techniques of extraction of crude drugs from natural sources. Important topics include classification, botanical sources, active constituents, separation, isolation, identification tests and pharmacological uses of glycosides, alkaloids, carbohydrates, steroids and lipids. Experimental work includes extraction, isolation and separation of active constituents of crude drugs by chromatographic techniques. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe biological sources, active constituents, parts used and pharmacological uses of natural products. Extract crude drugs from natural sources using various techniques. Separate active constituents from crude drugs using spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques.	3+1
PD304	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IIIA (Pharmaceutical Analysis) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to provide information about basic concepts and techniques of drugs’ analysis. The main topics include basic principle, instrumentation and application of spectroscopic techniques like UV-Visible, Infra-red, mass and NMR spectroscopy; chromatographic techniques like column, thin layer and high performance liquid chromatography; coupling techniques like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Experiments are performed on the use selected techniques. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of the basic principles, instrumentation and applications of different analytical techniques. Apply the knowledge of different analytical techniques on qualitative and quantitative determination of drugs. Demonstrate a knowledge of spectral interpretation of drugs. Analyze drugs using selected techniques.	3+1
PD305	Pharmacy Practice-IIA (Dispensing Pharmacy) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course is designed to enable pharmacy students to dispense and to ensure the quality use of prescribed medicines to improve the health status of the patients. Main topics covered are basic concepts and techniques involved in extemporaneous compounding, dispensing of various topical and oral dosage forms, parts of prescription, incompatibilities occurring during prescription and dispensing process in a community setting. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Practice compounding, packing, and labeling of topical and oral dosage forms. Practice dispensing of prescription and non-prescription medicine accurately and safely. Identify therapeutic, chemical, and physical incompatibilities that occur during compounding and dispensing.	3+1
PD301	Pathology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to present concepts of pathological processes, altered health states and diseases. Important topics include the nature and causes of cell injury and death, adaptive cellular changes, inflammation, allergy, healing and repair, gastrointestinal diseases, hypertension, cancers, microscopic study of pathological slides and examination of different body fluids in various pathological conditions. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the cellular adaptation, tissue alterations, organ dysfunction and clinical signs and symptoms of the body in response to different types of injuries. Explain the process and response of the body against inflammatory and immunological insults on molecular level. Apply current understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis and prognosis of the diseases to describe ulcers, cancers and hypertension. Relate structural abnormalities of tissues with histopathological appearances of a disease.	3+1

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
PD325	Pharmacology and Therapeutics-IIB Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course explains chemotherapy, immunopharmacology and toxicology of drugs. Important topics include antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals, antiprotozoals, antineoplastics, toxicology, immunosuppressant and stimulants, pollutants, poisons and chelating agents, mechanisms of drug action, therapeutics, drug receptors, enzyme inhibition and induction, relationship of drug administration and its concentration to the effect of chemotherapeutic drugs and anti-neoplastic agents. Experiments are performed on selected theory topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, classification and detailed mechanism of action of chemotherapeutic and anti-neoplastic agents. Select drug of choice in infectious diseases and cancerous conditions. Demonstrate a knowledge of side effects and adverse drug reactions of antibiotics and anti-neoplastic agents. Evaluate the effect of selected drugs on animal models.	3+1
PD326	Pharmacognosy-IIB (Advanced) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to provide advanced knowledge of natural sources of drugs. The important topics are classification, active constituents, identification tests and the pharmacological use of drugs obtained from plants and other natural sources; volatile oils, resins, tannins, natural toxicants, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, herbal drugs and their clinical use. Experimental work is performed on selected theory topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the biological source, classification, active constituents and pharmacological uses of natural sources. Demonstrate an understanding of the clinical uses of herbs and herbal medicines. Extract crude drugs from natural sources using various techniques. Explain the role of herbs and other natural source in nutraceutical and cosmeceutical products.	3+1
PD327	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IIIB (Pharmaceutical Analysis) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to explain the basic concepts of electrochemical, titrimetric and thermal techniques of drugs analysis. Important topics include potentiometry, polarography, radiochemical techniques, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, titrimetric analysis based on neutralization, oxidation and reductions; occurrence, properties, preparation and application of official inorganic compounds like ammonium chloride, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate etc. Analysis of drugs is performed in the lab. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of the basic principles, instrumentation and applications of different electrochemical and thermal techniques. Apply the knowledge of titrimetric analysis to quantify the basic or acidic compounds in a solution. Describe the physical and chemical properties, preparation and application of official inorganic compounds. Analyze drugs using selected techniques.	3+1
PD328	Pharmacy Practice-IIB (Community, Social & Administrative Pharmacy) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces the role of pharmacists in promotion of health and wellbeing of community. The main topics covered are the role of pharmacists in community pharmacy, public health, patient education and counselling for health promotion, medical and social complications that arise with drug use and abuse, health system research, pharmacoeconomic, alternative therapies used and lay out design of community pharmacy. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the role of the pharmacist in public health. Demonstrate how to perform patient education and counselling. Apply different epidemiological methods in health system research. Describe different alternative therapies. Classify community pharmacies.	3+0
PD329	Pharmacy Practice-III (Computer and its Applications in Pharmacy) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to provide a knowledge of the use of computing technology in the field of pharmacy. Important topics include use of research methodology, system analysis and design, data processing, application of computers in community pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, drug information retrieval and storage, and data analysis. Lab work includes the use of computer in health information and data analysis. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate to have an understanding of the use computer in drug information retrieval and storage. Use computer in data analysis and presentation.	3+1

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
PD330	Pharmacy Practice-IVA (Hospital Pharmacy-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course aims at providing knowledge about the administrative role a pharmacist and of Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Important topics include functions of hospital administration, patient care, pharmacist’s participation in the hospital’s drug distribution systems, pharmacist’s technical services in hospital including performance of basic functions like calculations, compounding, dispensing and manipulation of IV admixtures and preventing interactions and ADR during therapy. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain the fundamental concept and role of hospital pharmacy. Demonstrate a knowledge of the Pharmacy and Therapeutic committee, organizational sections and departments of a hospital pharmacy, hospital administration, patient care activities and responsibilities of hospital pharmacists. Perform calculations, compounding, dispensing, distribution, manipulation and prevention of interactions during therapy in compliance with established standards.	3+0
PD331	Pharmacy Practice-VA (Clinical Pharmacy-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces the role of clinical pharmacy in different areas and interpretation of different laboratory tests. Major topics include the basic concepts of clinical pharmacy, patient’s disease profile, emergency treatment in various conditions, side effects of medicines, and drug-interactions, uses, contraindications, dosage, and clinical investigation of medicines. Clinical training of students in various hospitals is an integral part of the course. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Differentiate between clinical pharmacy and other pharmacy specialties. Interpret laboratory investigations and patient profile. Explain therapeutic class, indications, doses, side effects, and drug interactions of commonly used drugs. Manage drug-drug interactions, medication errors, drug allergy, adverse drug reactions, and patient compliance.	3+1
PD332	Pharmaceutics-IVA (Industrial Pharmacy-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to introduce the mechanisms underlying various industrial unit operations and processes used in the manufacturing of solid and liquid dosage forms in the pharmaceutical industry to reveal how actually these processes play an important role in a pharmaceutical industry. The major topics include heat and mass transfer, mixing, drying, filtration, evaporation, compression and capsules. Practicals are an important part of the course to enhance students’ experiential learning in the area of industrial pharmacy. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of the basic concepts of theory and practice of industrial pharmacy. Prepare tablets, capsules and liquid orals using established procedures and technology. Apply the knowledge of unit operations like heat transfer, mass transfer, drying, filtration, clarification, mixing and evaporation at industrial scale.	3+1
PD334	Pharmaceutics-VA (Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This is an interdisciplinary course which helps students to grasp the basic theories of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of medicine in the human body. Important topics include an explanation of the interrelationship among drug preparation, designing of dosage regimen and treatment with respect to oral and vascular route of drug admiration, compartmental models, their mathematical expression and relation to drug time course in the body, the parameters that influence pharmacokinetic and therapeutic outcomes of the most common drug regimens. Experimental work is carried out on selected theory topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Determine the effect of pharmacokinetic parameters (LADME) on the biological effects of the drug. Calculate various pharmacokinetic parameters from plasma concentration and urinary excretion data of drug by applying compartment modeling and model independent methods. Modify dosage regimens for individual patients based on calculated pharmacokinetic parameters in clinical situations.	3+1
PD335	Pharmaceutics-VIA (Pharmaceutical Quality Management-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to introduce the role of the quality control department in a pharmaceutical industry. The course highlights the details of quality control tests for different dosage forms and criteria to meet the quality standards given in various pharmacopoeias. The major topics covered in this course include quality control tests of tablets, capsules, suppositories, powders, syrups, elixirs, disperse systems and injectable preparations. Experimental work includes various quality control tests on different dosage forms. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain the basic concepts of the quality assurance and quality control departments in relevance to the pharmaceutical industry. Explain various testing procedures and specific requirements for different pharmaceutical dosage forms to meet quality standards. Evaluate the pharmaceutical dosage forms for quality and stability in accordance with the standards prescribed in the pharmacopoeias. Demonstrate Good laboratory practices, Good Manufacturing Practices and validation procedures.	3+0

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
PD401	Pharmacy Practice-IVB (Hospital Pharmacy-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides the necessary knowledge regarding the roles of a hospital pharmacist and hospital pharmacy in a healthcare system. Important topics include a description of different departments of a hospital including, manufacturing, non-sterile and sterile dispensing, purchasing, distribution and control of drugs in a hospital, pharmacist’s participation in patients’ care in small hospitals and nursing homes, research activities and setting up of the physical infrastructure required for providing these services. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of the role of a Pharmacist and requirements for setting up physical infrastructure for providing necessary services at a hospital. Demonstrate an understanding of the process of purchasing, distribution and control of various medicines in a hospital pharmacy. Discuss the roles of specialty clinical pharmacists in the health systems, specifically, sterile and aseptic dispensing, accident and emergency pharmacy. Demonstrate a knowledge of maintaining and controlling supplies including radiopharmaceuticals and surgical supplies.	3+0
PD402	Pharmacy Practice-VB (Clinical Pharmacy-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces the basic concepts of medicines’ plan for an individual patient. Important topics include identification and management of different medicines induced diseases, development of professionalism to be adopted while communicating with the patients and other healthcare professionals, signs/symptoms, investigations and management of most commonly occurring diseases. Additionally, clinical training of students in various hospitals is also a part of the course. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Develop, implement, monitor and document Drug Therapy Plan. Interpret the process of pharmacotherapy decision making. Adopt good communication skills while communicating with the patients and healthcare professionals. Evaluate pathophysiology, clinical features and various pharmacological options available for the treatment of most prevalent diseases and drug induced diseases.	3+1
PD403	Pharmaceutics-IVB (Industrial Pharmacy-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course describes the basic principles underlying design and development of a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility, emulsions, suspensions, semi-solids and sterile dosage forms. Important topics include lay out plan, design and materials of construction of a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility, design and maintenance pharmaceutical clear rooms according to WHO definitions, packaging of pharmaceuticals, safety from industrial hazards with respect to the pharmaceutical industry. Practicals are conducted on selected theoretical topics during the conduct of the course. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Employ the correct equipment and procedure required for the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals. Demonstrate an understanding of industrial lay out plan and work flow of various departments within an industry. Describe the facilities and standards necessary for the industrial production of sterile dosage forms.	3+1
PD404	Pharmaceutics-VB (Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course builds a bridge between the physicochemical properties of drugs, dosage forms and the pharmacology, toxicology and clinical response observed after its administration. Important topics include drug designing and personalized dosing for disease states depending on the knowledge of biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics, the skill of using calculation methods commonly employed to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of different models, the pharmacokinetic principles in clinical context and understanding of the invitro-invivo correlation. Experiments work is performed on selected theoretical topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Predict dose adjustment in renal and hepatic patients on the basis of pharmacokinetics variations in renal and hepatic diseases Exercise biopharmaceutical studies and use data so obtained in the development of dosage forms. Determine the various pharmacokinetic parameters from plasma concentration and urinary excretion data for drug and study designs for bioequivalence drug products. Apply theoretical concepts to solve case problems including determinations of pharmacokinetics parameters of drugs.	3+1
PD405	Pharmaceutics-VIB (Pharmaceutical Quality Management-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is formulated to introduce various aspects of the pharmaceutical industry in general and quality control department in particular. It summarizes the basic concepts and need of biological testing in relevance to the quality control of various pharmaceutical products. Major topics include the methods for assessing the alcoholic content and determining the quality of crude drugs through alkaloidal drugs assays. Lab practicals are included in this course to equip the students with experimental skills in relation to the above-mentioned topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of the basic concepts needed to perform various biological assays. Explain various testing procedures and specific requirements for quality assurance of vaccines in accordance with the pharmacopoeia. Apply the methods for alkaloidal drug assays and alcohol content determination in pharmaceutical preparations.	3+1

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
PD431	Pharmacy Practice-VIA (Advanced Clinical Pharmacy-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces the basic concepts about appropriate, cost effective and safe use of medicines and how to identify unsafe and inappropriate use of medicines. It develops basic concepts about the necessary medicines of the National Medicine List. Important topics include as investigations, signs/symptoms and management of most commonly occurring diseases. The course also includes clinical training of students in various hospitals to cover the aspects such as communication with patients, prescription interpretation and checking, case studies, interpretation of laboratory tests, patient’s counselling etc. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Identify irrational drug prescribing by apply indicators of drug use. Evaluate pathophysiology, clinical features and various pharmacological options available for the treatment of most prevalent diseases. Construct study design and sampling techniques for studying drug use. Assess drug utilization of narrow therapeutic index drugs.	3+1
PD432	Pharmaceutics-VIIA (Pharmaceutical Technology-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course explains the recent progress in various techniques, materials and equipment used in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals. It helps students to acquire the knowledge of basic concepts for designing new dosage forms and novel drug delivery systems. Important topics include different methods for preparing such dosage forms with modified properties in comparison to the conventional drug delivery systems and the use of natural and synthetic polymeric materials for pharmaceutical applications. Lab work includes preparation of various dosage forms. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate having a knowledge of the steps of pre-formulation studies intended for the rational design of safe and effective dosage forms. Elaborate the need for designing various pharmaceutical dosage forms. Outline the recent progress in various techniques and equipment used in pharmaceutical industry.	3+1
PD433	Pharmacy Practice-VIIA (Forensic Pharmacy- I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to provide knowledge of legal aspects of the pharmacy profession. The course covers history of drug legislation and pharmacy profession in Pakistan, drugs related national policies, drugs control administration at federal and provincial level, the role of a pharmacist in investigating various drug related illegal practices and teaches various drug laws for example The Drugs Act 1976, provincial drug rules and advertisement rules etc. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate having a knowledge of the history and development process of forensic pharmacy in Pakistan. Demonstrate having a knowledge of the legal procedures to follow in legal practices of pharmacy, for example working as a drug inspector. Demonstrate having a knowledge of the ethical practices in the pharmacy profession.	3+0
PD434	Pharmacy Practice-VIIIA (Pharmaceutical Management & Marketing-I) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course applies fundamental management and business principles to the various complex challenges faced by pharmacists and helps them regardless of the work environment. It provides an integrated and constructive learning approach to address management challenges that pharmacists face on a daily basis, such as personal resource management, staff management, general operations management, special management capabilities, value-added service provision, and management applicability in professional settings. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Elaborate the basics principles of management and marketing of pharmacy. Describe the process of planning, organizing, and management of the control systems. Demonstrate an understanding of the process of batch production and its management system.	3+0
PD430	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IVA (Medicinal Chemistry-I Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course is designed to equip the students with the concept of molecular modeling, computational chemistry, drug synthesis and different drug designing techniques. Important topics include properties, chemistry, biological action, structure activity relationship (SAR), ligand and structure based drug designing, therapeutic application of various classes of drugs like hormones, anesthetics, analgesics, antipyretics, sedatives and hypnotics. Lab work includes synthesis of some of the basic drugs. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe different drug targets, molecular modeling and computational chemistry. Explain ligand based drug designing and structure based drug designing. Interpret the chemistry, SAR, synthesis and therapeutic indication of drugs belonging to different drug classes. Synthesize some of the basic drugs.	3+1

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours
PD441	Pharmacy Practice-VIB (Advanced Clinical Pharmacy-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course describes the general principles of clinical toxicology, sources and management of medicines’ toxicity/poisoning. Important topics include development, implementation, evaluation, and documentation of medicines’ plan for individual patients and signs/symptoms, investigations and management of most commonly occurring diseases. Additionally, clinical training of students in various hospitals is also a part of the course. In clinical training various aspects are covered such as communication with patients, prescription interpretation and checking, case studies, interpretation of laboratory tests, patient’s counselling etc. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe general principles of clinical toxicology, general factors that influence toxicity of drugs and manage toxicity related to drugs. Develop individualized pharmaceutical care plans for patients. Evaluate basic pathophysiology, clinical features, risk factors, diagnosis and discuss various pharmacological options available for chronic kidney disease, anemia, vitamin K deficiency, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer. Identify, manage and prevent patients’ non-compliance to therapy and different intravenous therapy related complications.	3+1
PD442	Pharmaceutics- VIIB (Pharmaceutical Technology-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course describes the applications of advanced formulation techniques in designing various novel drug carrier systems. Important topics explained are formulations design of various advanced drug delivery systems for gastrointestinal applications, drug carrier systems, targeted drug delivery strategies and their diagnostics and therapeutic uses. Another major part of the course is pharmaceutical biotechnology which covers genomics, PCR, genetic engineering, antibodies, high-throughput screening of putative therapeutic compounds, immobilized enzymes and their application in pharmacy. Practicals are performed on selected theoretical topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Outline different aspects of formulation design and physicochemical parameters involved in the development of Novel Drug Delivery systems. Elaborate the need for targeted drug delivery along with different strategies employed to achieve drug targeting. Summarize the basic concepts of biotechnology in relation to pharmaceutical applications. Prepare a few selected dosage forms.	3+1
PD443	Pharmacy Practice-VIIB (Forensic Pharmacy-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course explains in detail various acts and rules dealing with the drugs in the country. First important act is The Pharmacy Act 1967 and covers practice of pharmacy profession in the country. Other acts include The Poisons Act 1919, The Factories Act 1934 and Shops and Establishments Ordinance 1969 With Rules. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate having a knowledge of the acts covered in the course. Apply relevant laws and rules where appropriate in pharmacy practice.	3+0
PD444	Pharmacy Practice-VIIIB (Pharmaceutical Management & Marketing-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to familiarize the students with the basic concepts of the business and management aspects of a healthcare system and the pharmaceutical industry. Important topics are sales management and business communication, pharmaceutical marketing, consumer marketing, marketing research, marketing channels, promotion, advertising, and salesmanship. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the fundamental principles of business development, management, and marketing along with the role of business communication. Evaluate the ethical aspects of marketing and the significance of various marketing environments and processes. Develop innovative and practical marketing strategies for the development of pharmaceutical businesses and resolving related problems.	3+0
PD440	Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IVB (Medicinal Chemistry-II) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course is designed to describe physicochemical properties and mechanism of action of drugs. Important topics include structure activity relationship of sulphonamides, antimalarials, diuretics, antitubercular, antiviral, antibiotics and immunosuppressive agents. Lab practicals are included in this course to equip the students with experimental skills in relation to the above-mentioned topics. On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Predict the biological activities of drugs based on structural modification. Explain mechanisms of action and chemical properties of drugs on the basis of their structure. Synthesize a few basic drugs.	3+1