Department of Rehabilitation and Health Sciences

Bachelor of Science in Radiology Technology

BS Radiology Technology

Program Educational Objectives

Program Learning Outcomes

Curriculum

Faculty

Bachelor of Science in Radiology Technology

Modern radiology is a highly diversified and vast field consisting of diverse areas such as – Diagnostic Radiology, Interventional Radiology and Radiation Therapy. The Radiology Technologist, as they are commonly called, work in all these areas of radiological sciences, discharging their duties often at tertiary level medical centers, diagnostic labs, teaching hospitals and academic research centers. These highly trained and specialized professionals work with patients undergoing procedures such as Interventional Angiography, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Doppler Scanning, Ultrasonography and many others. Thus, they are a key part of healthcare delivery team in any modern hospital set up. To meet the growing demand for well-trained radiology technologist, the university offers a 4-year degree program in Radiology Technology. The curriculum of Radiology Technology is well designed to equip students with theoretical knowledge and practical skills. The students are provided with the opportunity to work in hospitals to sharpen up their clinical skills.

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

The graduates of RT program are expected to:

Be competent Radiology technologist who exhibit theoretical knowledge and practical skills in hospitals, private clinical setups, diagnostic centers, labs and/or academia.
Practice clinically in an ethical and socially responsible manner.
Demonstrate interpersonal and management skills and engage in professional growth.

Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs)

The RT program enables students to achieve, by the time of graduation:

An ability to integrate concepts from the biological, physical, behavioral, and clinical sciences into radiology services.
An ability to exhibit professional conduct and behaviors that are consistent with the legal and ethical practice of radiology. Develop accuracy and meticulousness to attain high levels of ethics and technical proficiency.
An ability to demonstrate culturally sensitive verbal, nonverbal, and written communications(consents) that are effective, accurate, and timely.
An ability to collect and critically evaluate data and published literature to apply in the delivery of care, practice management, and to examine the theoretical and scientific basis for radiology.
An ability to collaborate with patients/clients, caregivers, and other health care providers to develop and implement an evidence-based plan of care that coordinates human and financial resources.
An ability to provide services in the field of differential diagnosis, radiation therapy, radiation protection within the scope of radiology. Provide quality patient care in routine as well as advanced imaging procedures.
An ability to advocate for patient/client and profession.
An ability to provide consultative services and education to patients/clients, caregivers, health care workers, and the public using culturally sensitive methods that are adapted to the learning needs, content, and context. Implementation of an effective protection program for the personnel and patient/client.
An ability to identify trouble-shooting & problems related to the equipment used in Radiology. Perform maintenance and corrective measures on imaging instruments, where required. Maintenance of stock solutions, controls and equipment.
An ability to demonstrate inter disciplinary team building strategies or effective co-ordination between various allied health disciplines. Develop good leadership, problem solving and administrative skills. Self-reflection and team building for research methodology in the field of radiology.
An ability to complete work in compliance with the quality assurance policies and procedures. Equipment, personnel, precautionary measures and construction should meet the requirements of QAP (Quality assurance policies). ALARA should be focused mainly.

Semester Plan

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT101	Biochemistry-I Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is design to introduce the chemical composition, biochemical role, digestion, biochemical reactions, mechanism of action and absorption of macro and micro molecules of the cell. Major topics covered are biochemical composition and functions of the cell; chemistry of signals and receptors, structure and function of; Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, biochemical functions of vitamins, biochemical function of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, iodine and fluoride. Practical include are preparation of solutions, principles of Biochemistry analyzers, determination of cholesterol, Tg, HDL, LDL, sugar, calcium and phosphorus in blood, SOP of centrifuge, water bath and microscope. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe chemical composition, biochemical role, digestion and absorption of macro and micro molecules of the cell. Explain mechanism of action of hormones and their biochemical reactions. Identify Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL, sugar, calcium and phosphorus in blood and describe principles of Biochemistry analyzers.	2+1	None
RT102	Human Physiology-I Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course aims to introduce the basic concepts of physiology from the cell organization to organ system function. Major topics include physiology and pathophysiology of respiration, G.I.T, urinary system and endocrine system. Understanding of organization of cell, tissue organ and system with respect to their functions, mechanism of homeostasis, types and function of muscle, neuromuscular junction, functions of the endocrine glands, breathing mechanism, exchange of respiratory gaseous, transport of respiratory gases, function of different part of digestive system, function of liver and pancreas, digestion and absorption in gastrointestinal tract. Practical include; Introduction of microscope, bleeding time, clotting time, WBCs count, RBCs count, platelets count and reticulocyte’s count. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe physiology from the cell organization to organ system and their respected functions. Explain physiology of Respiration, G.I.T, Urinary system and Endocrine system. Identify slides on microscope and tell different count rates.	2+1	None
RT103	Human Anatomy-I Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course focuses on general anatomy of human including skeleton and musculo skeleton of thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Major topics include musculo skeletal system, different bones of human body, axial and appendicular skeleton, classification on the basis of development, region and function, general concept of ossification of bones, parts of young bone, blood supply of long and short bones. Joints; structural, regional and functional classification of joints. It emphasizes on the arterial and nerve supply, lymph drainage and venous drainage of all the organs covering in the region of thorax, abdomen and pelvic. Some practical include; study of axial and appendicular skeleton on human skeletal model, study of musculoskeletal system on human musculoskeletal model and study organs of special senses. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe general anatomy including axial, appendicular and musculo skeleton. Discuss gross anatomy of thorax abdomen and pelvis. Illustrate axial, appendicular and musculoskeletal system and relate anatomy of thorax, abdomen and pelvis through human model.	2+1	None
SS104	English-I Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course aims at learning word order, identification of phrases, sentence structure and paragraph writing. It focuses on understanding English sentence structure to help the students achieve proficiency in language use, develop listening skills, improve reading efficiency and build up vocabulary. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Practice English correctly in speaking and writing. Follow English vocabulary and skills to use it in professional life. Identify common errors usually made by the learners of English as a second language.	3+0	None
SS118	Pak studies Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course aims to develop vision of historical perspective, government, politics, contemporary Pakistan, ideological background of Pakistan. The course makes the students aware from Pakistan and with foreign policy, their social and political rights to make them good citizens. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Understand Ideology of Pakistan, Educational movement of Pakistan and Land of Pakistan. Understand political development Understand the resources of Pakistan.	2+0	None
CS100	Introduction to Computing Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course is designed to provide basic knowledge to students on information and communication technologies. Topics include hardware, storage devices, software, introduction to programming, data communication, internet, IT security. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Understand different terms associated with information and communication technology. Identify various components of a computer system. Use various web tools including web browsers, e-mail clients and search utilities.	2+1	None

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT111	Biochemistry-II Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course aims to introduce the balance food, metabolic changes of macromolecules and clinical role of enzymes. Major topics covered in this course are metabolic changes in starvation, protein energy malnutrition, regulation of food intake, obesity; metabolism of carbohydrates (citric acid cycle, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway), proteins (urea and calorie cycle), nucleotides (uric acid formation) and lipids (beta oxidation). Understanding of respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation, components of respiratory chain, electron carriers, ATP synthesis coupled with electron flow, phosphorylation of ADP coupled to electron transfer; clinical diagnostic enzymology, metabolic pathways of macromolecules. Practical include; determination of liver, cardiac, pancreatic enzymes and determination of urea and uric acid. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe balance food, various food groups, malnutrition, metabolic changes and regulation of food intake. Discuss proteins, carbohydrates and lipids also Explain various metabolic pathways in human body and clinical role of enzymes in human being. Interpret liver, cardiac and pancreatic enzymes.	2+1	RT101
RT112	Human Physiology-II Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course emphasizes on the physiology of blood, CVS, nervous system and special senses. Major topics include concepts of immunity, its types and immune reactions and the function of various cranial nerves, somatic motor nervous system, autonomic nervous system, and function of neurons, neuroglial cells and their components. Physiology of the hearing and balance, smell, physiology of olfactory nerve, taste, physiology of speech, Blood; composition and function of blood, hematopoiesis, blood grouping, coagulation mechanism. Classification and physiology of immune system, antigens and antibodies. Practical include; spirometry, electrocardiography, blood pressure measurement, normal and abnormal ECG interpretation, pulse rate measurement and heart sounds. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss the structural and functional characteristics of the various human body cells. Explain the interrelationships of body organ systems, homeostasis, and the complementarity of structure and functioning of the blood and neuromuscular system. Perform spirometry, electrocardiography, and vitals (blood pressure, pulse rate and heart sounds)	2+1	RT102
RT113	Human Anatomy-II Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is design to introduce the general anatomy of upper and lower limb, head, neck and back. Major topics covered include osteology, mycology, neurology, angiology, arthrology. The upper limb; bones of shoulder girdle and arm, muscles, axilla, brachial plexus, cubital fossa, the forearm, hand bones, muscles, blood supply, nerve supply, lymphatics, The lower limb; fascia, bones, muscles, femoral triangle, blood supply, nerve supply, lymphatic supply. Head and neck; skull, mandible, cranial nerves, cranial cavity, meninges, brain, orbit, neck, endocrine system; classification of endocrine glands, pituitary glands, thyroid glands, adrenal gland and differences between the cortex and medulla. Practical include; learn gross anatomy through human models and video demonstration. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss gross anatomy of neuro-musculoskeletal and circulatory system of lower limb, upper limb, head and neck. Illustrate major stages of embryological development of the upper and lower limb with development of the neurological and vascular supplies. Illustrate anatomical landmarks and configuration of upper and lower limb, head and neck.	3+1	RT103
SS203	English-II Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course aims to enhance students’ linguistic command so they can communicate effectively in diversified sociocultural situations and identify as well as repair any instances of potential communication break-up. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Communicate effectively using intermediate-to-advanced level English. Participate in group discussions by attentive listening, questioning to clarify ideas, eliciting responses, or disagreeing in a constructive way. Develop rhetorical knowledge and critical thinking.	3+0	SS104
SS108	Islamic studies Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course is aimed to provide basic information about Islamic Studies; to enhance understanding of the learners regarding Islamic Civilization. The course masters the skill of the learners to understand issues related to faith and religious life. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Enhance understanding of the students regarding Islamic Civilization Improve Student’s skill to perform prayers and other worships to enhance the skill of the students for understanding of issues Related to faith and religious life.	2+0	None

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT201	Regional and Radiological Anatomy-I Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is design to provide knowledge of cross-sectional and radiological anatomy of thorax, abdomen and pelvic. Major topics include: Thoracic wall; structure of the thoracic wall, sternum, costal cartilages, ribs, diaphragm. thoracic cavity; mediastinum, pleurae, trachea, bronchi, lungs, heart, esophagus. Abdominal Wall; inguinal canal & its contents. abdominal cavity; liver, gall bladder, stomach, small and large intestine, pancreas, spleen, kidneys. Pelvic Wall; structure of the pelvic wall. pelvic cavity; rectum, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, vas deferens, ovary, uterus, vagina. Practical include; radiological presentation & pathological findings on radiographs. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain regional & radiological sectional anatomy of thorax, abdomen and pelvic. Discuss arterial and nerve supply, venous and lymphatic drainage in regions of thorax, abdomen and pelvic. Observe structures of different organs and differentiate b/w radiological presentation & pathological findings on radiographs.	2+1	None
RT202	General Radiology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course aims to focus on general considerations of all imaging modalities. Major topics include contrast selection according to need and imaging modality, equipment handling techniques of fluoroscopy mainly. Content provides the knowledge necessary to perform standard radiographic procedures. Consideration is given to the evaluation of optimal diagnostic images. It will emphasize on the construction of dark room, its equipment, flooring and safe lighting. Also discuss process of developing of films in dark room and their handling. Practical include; fluoroscopic handling, procedures, and performance, contrast materials (market availability, method and area of use) and interpretation of films demonstrating anatomy. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain general considerations of all imaging modalities. Demonstrate contrast materials and categorize them on the basis of imaging exam and area of evaluation. Perform Fluoroscopic Procedures, equipment handling techniques and also design films showing radiographic anatomy.	2+1	None
RT203	Radiation Sciences and Technology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides foundation knowledge about general and radiation physics related to imaging modalities especially x-ray imaging unit. Major topics include; physical principles of medical imaging, basic information about different imaging modalities, radiation hazards, understanding of the effects of ionizing radiation on the human body, typical radiation protection course is a part of this subject, understanding of x-ray tube, x-ray machine, operating consoles, generators and transformers that are a part of x-ray unit. Practical include; the x-ray machine (handling, operation, image production), dark room (film handling, cassettes, automatic & manual film processing, chemicals), grids and quality control procedures. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Illustrate human interaction in a clinical environment by integrating radiation principles Demonstrate digital and conventional imaging technology equipment through application of the principal and theories of its operation. Observe X-Ray Machine parts, Handling, Operation, Image Production and Quality Control Procedures.	2+1	None
RT204	General Pathology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides basic knowledge about cell injury due to different pathological changes & their adaptation and healing. Major topics are inflammation (acute and chronic inflammation), cell repair & wound healing, regeneration & repair, healing factors affecting healing, hemodynamic disorders, define & classify the terms, edema, hemorrhage, thrombosis, embolism, infarction & hyperemia, shock, compensatory mechanism of shock, possible consequences of thrombosis & difference between arterial & venous emboli, neoplasia dysplasia& neoplasia difference between benign & malignant neoplasm, etiological factors for neoplasia, different modes of metastasis. Practical include; interpretation of specific histopathological slides. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss cell injury and cell death, cellular responses of stress and noxious stimuli and mechanisms involved in wound healing. Discuss pathology and pathogenesis of edema and shock. Also explain abnormalities of cell growth and differentiation Observe Specific Histopathological Slides.	2+1	None
RT205	General Pharmacology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course aims to provide basic concepts of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, mechanism of action and classification of drugs. Major topics include basic concepts of pharmacology and how different drugs and contrast affects human body, venipuncture and administration of diagnostic contrast agents and intravenous medications. The appropriate delivery of patient care during these procedures is emphasized. Practical include; observe and test different drugs as they are safe or unsafe. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Discuss mechanism of action of different drugs and explain adverse effects of different drugs acting on the body. Explain process through which a drug must go as it is being developed and tested for safety.	2+1	None
SS211	English-III Course Description and CLOs Course Description The course aims at augmenting students’ proficiency in technical writing in order to sensitize them to the dynamics, challenges and needs of the modern world characterized by technologically advanced social, cultural and corporate settings. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate proficiency in writing memos, proposal, covering letter, enquiry letter, job application letter, acceptance letter, business letter, short report, long report etc. Use a standard word processing along with a referencing tool for report writing. Learn techniques to facilitate effective interpersonal and interactive communication.	3+0	SS203

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT210	Clinical Medicine-I Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is design to focus on patients’ problems, formulate appropriate differential diagnoses, and develop plans for diagnosis and management. Major topics include; characteristics and manifestations of medical conditions to the structure or function of the body and how to prepare and maintain in an accepted format of medical record of the evaluation and care of inpatients and outpatients, including written or electronic entry of a complete history and physical examination, progress notes, procedure notes, clinic visit notes, physician’s orders, and prescriptions for medications. It emphasizes on checking up patients, systematic examination, radiological and physical investigations and first aid management. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Organize an accurate focused or complete physical examination appropriate to the clinical setting. Conduct systematic examination, radiological and physical investigations of patients. Organize medical record of the evaluation and care of inpatients and outpatients, including written or electronic entry of a complete history and physical examination, progress notes, procedure notes, clinic visit notes, physician’s orders, and prescriptions for medications.	2+0	None
RT211	Regional and Radiological Anatomy-II Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides foundation knowledge about cross-sectional and radiological anatomy of upper and lower limb, head, neck and back. Major topics include; The Upper Limb; muscles, bones, joints, blood and nerve supply, fascial compartments and lymphatics. The lower limb; mycology, osteology, classification of bones and joints, blood and nerve supply to bones, joints and muscles. Head and neck; skull, orbit, eye, salivary glands, bones of skull and muscles of neck. The joints, sutures and blood and nerve supply. Back; vertebral column, spine, discs, muscles of back and their supply. Practical include; radiological presentation & pathological findings on radiographs. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain regional & radiological sectional anatomy of upper and lower limb, head, neck and back. Discuss arterial and nerve supply, venous and lymphatic drainage in regions of thorax, abdomen and pelvic. Observe structures of different organs and differentiate b/w radiological presentation & pathological findings on radiographs.	2+1	RT201
RT212	Conventional Radiological & Clinical Practice Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides foundation knowledge about the basic conventional procedures and techniques of radiological equipment and interpret different diagnosis. It will emphasize on limitations and capabilities of conventional procedures by clinical analysis, techniques/procedures; special investigations, orthography, barium studies of git, contrast studies of Genito urinary system, contrast studies of hepatic biliary system, myelography, sinograms, sialography, venography, catheterization, lymphography, arteriography, pathology, clinical management practice. Practical include; understanding, performance and technical competencies of all the conventional radiological procedures during clinical internship/attachment. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the basics of the radiological procedures and techniques, its capabilities and limitations. Describe the indications and complications of examination/procedure and describe the basic approach to interpret the results. Perform technical competencies of all the conventional radiological procedures during clinical attachment and conduct radiation protection procedures.	2+1	None
RT213	Radiological Positioning Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides foundation knowledge about the basic positioning of different regions of body in different imaging modalities with the approach of quality assurance program. Major topics include radiographic positioning, techniques, terminology, nomenclature of anatomy & terms, plans & positions, the skull, the para nasal sinuses, the upper limb, the lower limb, the shoulder, the pelvis & hip joints, the vertebral column, bones of thorax, skeletal system survey, the respiratory system & heart, the abdomen & pelvic cavity, foreign bodies, bed site radiography, soft tissue radiography, tomography, macro radiology. Practical include; all standard views of head & neck, upper limb, lower limb, abdomen, pelvis and patient positioning, cassette and bucky settings, kVp and mAs settings. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Demonstrate the principles of transferring, positioning and immobilizing patients. And select technical factors to produce quality diagnostic images with the lowest radiation exposure possible. Demonstrate radiological anatomy, image quality and patient identification and corrective measures to improve inadequate images. Demonstrate competency in the principles of radiation protection standards and settings of x-ray tube factors.	2+1	None
RT214	Computed & Digital Radiography (CR & DR) Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides foundation knowledge about the operating characteristics of a computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR) apparatus, uses of computers, and processing methods. Major topics include; computed radiography anatomy of a computer, hardware, processing methods, software, computer languages, the CR image receptor, photostimulable luminescence, reader, optical features, image receptor response functions, image noise, radiation dose, workload digital radiography scanned projection radiography, charge-coupled device, image capture, image display, the digital image spatial and contrast resolution, photometric quantities, active matrix liquid crystal display, pre and post processing the digital image, display device, quality control and image artifacts. Practical include; operating characteristics of CR and DR apparatus, uses of computers, and processing methods. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe several advantages of computed radiography over screen-film radiography. Explain the operating characteristics of a computed radiography apparatus. Explain the operating characteristics of a digital radiography apparatus.	2+1	None
RT215	Radiobiology & Radiation Protection Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course provides foundation knowledge about how to minimize the health effects due to radiation and to decrease in the personnel exposure rate. It focuses on fundamental principles of radiobiology from molecules to humans, human biology, law of Bergenia and Thibodeau, physical and biologic factors affecting radio sensitivity, radiation dose-response relationships, molecular and cellular radiobiology. health physics, cardinal principles of radiation protection, maximum permissible dose-rays and pregnancy, design of radiologic imaging facilities, design team, departmental activity, location of x-ray department, plan layout and construction. Practical include; restriction of exposure through the use of personal protective equipment and proper use of personal protective equipment system. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss methods to eliminate the conditions that can lead to accidents, or construction of more effective shielding systems. Discuss methods to decrease public and occupational radiation exposure and knowledge about radiation hazard. Perform restriction of exposure through the proper use of personal protective equipment system.	2+1	None

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT301	Computed Tomography (CT) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course of Computed Tomography is to provide necessary knowledge and to develop cognitive skills underlying the performance of the tasks typically required of entry level CT technologists in this specialized area. This course consists of two main parts theoretical teaching and practical training which covers lab work and on patient supervised clinical hands-on training. it emphasizes on the principles and components of computed tomography and their function of operation. The core of this course is clinical skills to acquire Images by using patient required technology, knowledge of safe practice, understanding of image about normal and abnormal conditions, and professional attitude in accordance with the scope of profession. Practical include; principles of operation of CT, correct positioning of the patient, contrast method and use and operation at CT console and workstation. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe and understand the principles of operation of CT. Relate the CT system components to their functions. Identify the technique selection in CT. Perform image quality measurements as it relates to spatial resolution, contrast resolution, noise, linearity, uniformity and patient dose.	2+1	None
RT302	Mammography & Special Radiological Techniques Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces the mammographic procedures, techniques, operation and handling. It provides the knowledge base necessary to perform standard mammography, and special Radiologic studies. Consideration is given to the evaluation of optimal diagnostic images. The core of this course is clinical skills to acquire Images by using patient required technology, Knowledge of safe practice, understanding of Image about normal and abnormal conditions, and professional attitude in accordance with the scope of profession. Practical include; handling with instruments of mammographic apparatus, exposure settings, dark room (film processing, loading, unloading of cassettes). Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss the difference between soft tissue radiography and conventional radiography. Describe the unique features of a mammographic imaging system. Explain the differences between diagnostic and screening mammography. Perform mammographic procedures with better image quality and low patient radiation dose.	2+1	None
RT303	Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to provide necessary knowledge and to develop cognitive skills underlying the performance of the tasks typically required of entry level MRI technologists in this specialized area. This course consists of two main parts; theoretical knowledge and practical training which covers lab work and on patient supervised clinical hands-on training. It emphasizes on the principles and components of MRI and their function of operation. The core of this course is clinical skills to acquire Images by using patient required technology, knowledge of safe practice, understanding of Image about normal and abnormal conditions, and professional attitude in accordance with the scope of profession. Practical include; whole body MR scan protocol, correct positioning of the patient, contrast method and use, MR safety and principles of interpretation of neuroimaging and body imaging. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe the basic knowledge of MRI, its operation and technical competencies required for a MR technologist. Construct significantly improved MRI image quality and also enables faster scans to be performed, greatly reducing the procedure time for most patients. Perform knowledge base practice, understanding and training in routine and state-of-the-art MRI procedures applied to all organ systems.	2+1	None
RT304	General Surgery Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is design to introduce the student to the differential diagnosis of diseases while using radiologic investigations. It focuses on the manifestations of surgical conditions, indications and role of medical imaging procedures and general overview of a variety of surgical conditions. It includes surgical process and diagnostic process, arterial disorders arterial stenosis or occlusion, venous thrombosis, musculoskeletal disorders, fractures of the bones, dislocation of joints, simple & compound fracture, complications of dislocation or fracture. The cranium head & brain injury, the breast investigations, diseases of bones & joints, tuberculosis arthritis, tumors of the bones & joints, spinal deformity, congenital disorders, diseases of the git, and diseases of the Genito urinary system. Practical include; sterile techniques, tools, equipment, preparing the patients and monitoring of vital signs. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe natural history, and general and specific treatment of those general surgical conditions. Recognize appropriate differential diagnosis and then correlate with radiological investigations. Perform physical exam concentrating on the relevant areas.	2+1	None
RT305	Interventional Radiology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is design to introduce the minimally invasive procedures for treatment and management of patients. It includes different imaging modalities for management and treatment of different Disorders; vascular, oncologic, neurologic, spine, hepatobiliary, kidney. procedures include angiography, balloon angioplasty/stent, drain insertions, endovascular aneurysm repair, embolization, thrombolysis: biopsy, radiofrequency ablation, vertebroplasty, radiologically inserted gastrostomy, biliary intervention, dialysis and laser treatment. Tools for this purpose are diagnostic angiographic, micro, drainage, balloon, and central venous catheters. Practical include; practical application of procedure elements: prepare the system and patient, process 3D reconstructions, select optimal working positions for interventions, complete operating plan of imaging modalities used in different interventions. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe signs and symptoms of disorders amenable to diagnosis and/or treatment by percutaneous methods guided by radiologic imaging. Demonstrate to interpreting the spectrum of vascular and non-vascular interventional procedures. Interpret to new and evolving interventional procedures.	2+1	None
RT310	Clinical Medicine-II Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course focuses on patients’ problems, formulate appropriate differential diagnoses, and develop plans for diagnosis and management. Contents focus on the characteristics and manifestations of medical conditions to the structure or function of the body and how to prepare and maintain in an accepted format of medical record of the evaluation and care of inpatients and outpatients, including written or electronic entry of a complete history and physical examination, progress notes, procedure notes, clinic visit notes, physician’s orders, and prescriptions for medications. Practical include; checking up patients, systematic examination, radiological and physical investigations and first aid management. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Analyze knowledge of patient for an accurate focused or complete medical history based on the presenting complaint and appropriate to the clinical setting. Perform an accurate focused or complete physical examination appropriate to the clinical setting. Integrate orally with other members of the health care team regarding the evaluation and care of a patient. This includes giving case presentations to ward teams, attending physicians, and consultants, and verbal instructions to ancillary health care personnel.	2+1	RT210

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT311	Radiological & Cross sectional Anatomy Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces the students to the various views of imaging for different regions of body. These region wise views are axial, sagittal, coronal of cranial CT, cranial MRI, cranial MR angiography, neck, coronal CT of the thorax, axial MRI of the thorax, CT of the heart, MRI of the heart , MR angiography aorta, pulmonary vessels, MR mammography, CT of the abdomen, MRI of the abdomen, MR angiography renal artery, portal vein, MR cholangiopancreatography MR of the male, female pelvis, MR angiography of the lower extremity, upper extremity arm, shoulder, elbow, hand, lower extremity leg, hip, knee, foot, spine, cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine. Practical include; cross sectional anatomy and anatomy pertaining to contrast studies on CT and M.R films and basic interpretation of CT and M.R examinations. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe knowledge of gross anatomy in order to enhance understanding of radiologic imaging, particularly radiographs and cross-sectional imaging. Observe the normal and abnormal findings on Computed Tomographic (CT) and M.R images while doing a scan and film processing. Perform an appreciation for how the 3-D body is represented on a 2-D plain film image on a CT apparatus.	2+1	None
RT312	Computed Tomography (CT) Procedures & Clinical Practice Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course emphasizes on all the procedures consist of the following CT scan protocol. Major topics include; patient preparation, patient position, scan parameters, and slice thickness, slice incrementation, field of view, IV contrast, oral contrast, and window settings. the regions include are, abdomen, adrenals, ankles, aorta, bladder, brachial. plexus, brain, chest, contrast, gallbladder, hips, kidneys, knees, larynx, limbs, liver, neck, esophagus, orbits, pancreas, parathyroids, pelvis, pituitary, shoulders, spine, for CT angiography and pre and post contrast scans. Practical include; understanding, performance and technical competencies of all the computed tomographic (CT) procedures during clinical internship/attachment and radiation protection procedures. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain knowledge and understanding of modified CT technique, anatomy and image interpretation and evaluation. Discuss the principles of exposure selection and image processing, and an ability to apply this knowledge. Perform procedures of contrast media (oral and intravenous) and select the range of procedures undertaken in CT.	2+1	None
RT313	Magnetic Imaging (MRI) Procedures & Clinical Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course focuses on all the procedures consist of the following MRI scan protocol. Major topics include; MR angiography, perfusion imaging, diffusion imaging, cardiac MRI, safety, contrast agents, biological effects, managing MRI system, theoretical & practical concepts, parameters, gated respiratory/ cardiac compensatory technique, quality control, MRI examination by anatomical regions, head & neck, spine, thorax including heart, abdomen, pelvis, upper limb, lower limb, joints, pediatric imaging, selective radiological pathology of brain & spine. Practical include; understanding, performance, technical competencies, and scan protocol of all the MRI procedures during clinical internship/attachment and MR safety procedures. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss all aspects of MRI, including brain, neck, spine, cardiovascular, body, musculoskeletal and breast imaging. Interpret under supervision, progressively independent skills in the performance and magnetic resonance films study. Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of modified MRI technique, anatomy and image interpretation and evaluation. Perform scan protocols of MRI and simple procedures of MRI.	2+1	None
RT314	Therapeutic Radiology Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course introduces to understand the base knowledge of therapeutic radiology besides their aspects in diagnostic field. Major topics include; applied physics of radiotherapy, radiotherapy equipment, simulation, treatment plan, mechanism of action, dose, fractionation, effect on different types of cancer, history of radiation therapy, types, external beam radiation therapy, conventional external beam radiation therapy, stereotactic radiation, systemic radiation therapy, virtual simulation, 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, and intensity-modulated radiation therapy, particle therapy, brachytherapy, radioisotope therapy, side effects, acute side effects, late side effects, radiation therapy accidents. Practical include; accurate visual observations, laboratory studies, medication administration, and patient care activities. perform or assist with procedures, treatments, administration of medication, management and operation of diagnostic and therapeutic medical equipment. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Identify radiological anatomy and discuss optimal imaging for radiotherapy, from diagnosis to on-treatment verification. Evaluate the principles of contouring and become proficient in contouring for radiotherapy the manifestation of treatment-related side effects and their management Integrate the management processes and their application in oncology.	2+1	None
MT210	Biostatistics Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is designed to introduce the students with the basic concepts of statistics. Course includes different types of data and variables, classification and tabulation of data, measure of central tendency and measure of dispersion. Practical includes frequency distribution, stem and leaf diagram, graphs, mean, median, standard deviation and skewness. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe importance of statistics. Identify different types of data and variables. Understand concepts of central tendency and dispersion. Tell frequency distribution, mean, median, standard deviation.	3+0	None
SS403	Research Methodolog Course Description and CLOs Course Description This course is design for Introduction to research (in simple term and a scientific term), concept of research, why do need research. Major topics including; advantage of research, identification of research need and its qualities, component of research, ethical and legal aspect of research and objective of research (definition, purpose, structure) Relevance, Avoidance of duplication, Phylicity, Political acceptability, Applicability, Cost efficiencies, work plan, budget required for research work, literature searching, statistical help, material, type of manuscript, Principles and reliability of measurement, errors and sources of measurement, measure of disease, frequency and screening, research questionnaire, collection procedure, step and data collection survey questionnaire. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Identify the basic concepts of research and scientific inquiry and its methodologies, appropriate research topics and research problem and parameters Describe Search techniques for literature review and differentiate between different levels of evidence, appraisal and different studies with respect to their effectiveness in literature Construct a project proposal to undertake a research project.	2+1	None

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT401	Clinical Sonography Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to provide necessary knowledge and to develop cognitive skills underlying the performance of the tasks typically required of entry level ultra-sonographers in this specialized area. The course consists of two main parts theoretical knowledge and practical training which covers lab work and on patient supervised clinical hands-on training. it provides base knowledge of equipment, programming, operation and techniques of clinical sonography. The core of this course is clinical skills to acquire Images by using patient required technology, knowledge of safe practice, understanding of image about normal and abnormal conditions, and professional attitude in accordance with the scope of profession. Practical include; rule out pelvic mass, pelvic pain, intrauterine contraceptive devices, possible fetal anomalies, abnormal fetal heart, epigastric pain, abnormal liver function, rule out abscesses, possible ascites, renal failure, possible renal mass, hematuria, benign prostatic hypertrophy. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discover competent and professional ultras sonographers, who are proficient to enter the field of diagnostic medical ultrasound, provide students with intensive training in both the theoretical basis of medical ultrasound. Demonstrate basic understanding of ultrasound physics and technology, and the rudiments of cross-sectional anatomy, and is designed to help that background towards the practical business of working an ultrasound machine. Acknowledge students with the clinical understanding and knowledge of disease required to use these skills optimally in their future careers.	2+1	None
RT402	Angiography and Cardiac Imaging Course Description and CLOs Course Description This content is designed to present a systematic approach to the techniques and procedures technologists uses in the performance of selective cardiac-interventional procedures. Common to the discussion of all procedures will be the indications & contraindications for the procedure, patient positioning, access method, patient management during the exam, contrast administration, possible complications, equipment and exposure technique. This course emphasizes on the equipment, programming, operation and techniques of angiography and angioplasty. Practical include; clinical applications of angiography, image quality control, clinical management practice and clinical internship in angiography. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain Anatomy of coronary artery and hemodynamics. Conduct the technical skills required to gain venous and arterial access and to perform coronary angiography. Acknowledge with the current and potential future role of cardiac imaging for risk assessment, scan protocol decision making and production of best image quality of imaging modalities used in cardiac imaging.	2+1	None
RT403	Nuclear Medicine Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to provide necessary knowledge and to develop cognitive skills underlying the performance of the tasks typically required of entry level Imaging technologists in this specialized area. This course consists of two main parts theoretical knowledge and practical training which covers lab work and on patient supervised clinical hands-on training. It provides base knowledge of equipment, programming, operation and techniques of nuclear medicine. The core of this course is clinical skills to acquire images by using patient required technology, knowledge of safe practice, understanding of image about normal and abnormal conditions, and professional attitude in accordance with the scope of profession. Practical include; the techniques and methods of major nm diagnostic and therapeutic applications, calculation of dose and preparation of radiopharmaceuticals, thyroid uptake studies, bone scan, HIDA scan, renal scan, cardiac studies, and quality control tests. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Describe comprehensive education and training in nuclear medicine, including the handling of radioactive materials and performance of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine procedures. Discuss the anatomy and the physiology necessary to perform and interpret gated studies, bone scans, hepatobiliary studies, ventilation and perfusion scans, and GI Bleeding studies. Demonstrate the importance of obtaining all relevant information before interpretation or performance of exam, and be able to discuss the indications for the study.	2+1	None
RT404	Echocardiography Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to provide necessary knowledge and to develop cognitive skills underlying the performance of the tasks typically required of entry level imaging technologists in this specialized area. This course consists of two main parts theoretical knowledge and practical training which covers lab work and on patient supervised clinical hands-on training. It provides base knowledge of equipment, programming, operation and techniques of echocardiography. The core of this course is clinical skills to acquire Images by using patient required technology, knowledge of safe practice, understanding of image about normal and abnormal conditions, and professional attitude in accordance with the scope of profession. Practical include; clinical application of echocardiography in; acquired valvular heart disease, evaluation of prosthetic heart valves, congenital heart disease, disease of the pericardium, cardiomyopathies, ischemic heart disease, diseases of the aorta, cardiac masses and tumors, pericarditis. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Explain basic physical principles of ultrasound and instrumentation, cardiac gross pathology with echocardiography images. Demonstrate cardiac chamber size, left ventricular systolic and diastolic function and right ventricular systolic function. Describe echocardiographic derived hemodynamic data, transesophageal images and distinguish attributes and limitations versus transthoracic echocardiography.	2+1	None
RT405	Electrocardiography (ECG) Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to provide necessary knowledge and to develop cognitive skills underlying the performance of the tasks typically required of entry level Imaging technologists in this specialized area. This course consists of two main parts theoretical knowledge and practical training which covers lab work and on patient supervised clinical hands-on training. It provides base knowledge of equipment, programming, operation and techniques of electrocardiography (ECG). The core of this course is clinical skills to acquire images by using patient required technology, knowledge of safe practice, understanding of image about normal and abnormal conditions, and professional attitude in accordance with the scope of profession. Practical include; inspecting the ECG, identifying waves and intervals, effect of lead placement, the timing of the heart sounds and normal and abnormal ECG interpretation. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Recall of the heart anatomy and the cardiac cycle as they relate to the electrical conducting system. Watch properly a subject for a 12-lead EKG To achieve technical competencies in recording and interpretation of electrocardiogram and patient communication skills. Discuss comprehensive analysis of the heart’s propagation of an action potential, a comprehensive overview of EKG interpretation involving the recognition of the most common abnormalities.	2+1	None
RT406	Clinical Pathology & Radiological Presentation Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to provide necessary knowledge about the pathologic presentation on radiographs and films and their assessment. All the contents in this subject contains radiological presentation on X-rays, CT, MRI, and Ultrasound. This course includes; introduction to radiology, the circulatory system (the heart and great vessels), the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary tract, the acute abdomen, the reproductive system, the musculoskeletal system, neuroimaging, pediatric radiology. Practical include; radiographs of different systems of the body, radiological presentation of pathology of different organs, CT, MRI, and sonographic images interpretation. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Interpret all of the imaging modalities used in Radiology, having knowledge of clinical Pathology with performing basic radiologic procedures. Demonstrate responsibility in designing patient examinations and in providing preliminary interpretations in consultation with the referring clinical staff. Indicate responsibility for performing and interpreting procedures.	2+1	None

Course Code	Course Name	Credit Hours	Pre Req
RT414	Patient care & Management Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to provide necessary knowledge about how to manage a patient, what measures you take and how to take care of it. It focuses on patient communication, medical record, safety, transfer and positioning, management of patient with specific care problems, evaluation and meeting needs of patients, physical signs, vital signs, dealing with acute situations, emergency carts, victim assessment, basic life support(bls),first aid, sudden illness, special situations, bedside radiography, medications and their administration, intravenous therapy, contrast media and their administration, handling the adverse situation of contrast media. Practical include; internship/attachment for patient handling and practice. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Organize and maintain effective communication and relationships with patients. Perform a history and physical examination appropriate for age, gender, and clinical setting. Explain effective medical problem-solving skills. Demonstrate ongoing responsibility for the health care of patient.	2+0	None
RT415	Medical Sociology Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to introduce the student about the social interactions with public/community in an ethical way. It focuses on What makes medical sociology important is the critical role social factors play in determining or influencing the health of individuals, groups, and the larger society. Social conditions and situations not only promote and, in some cases, cause the possibility of illness and disability, but also enhance prospects of disease prevention and health maintenance. Since its inception, work in medical sociology was oriented toward finding solutions relevant to clinical medicine. Medical sociology has evolved to the point today that it investigates health and medical problems from an independent sociological perspective. This makes the work of medical professionals socially approved and acceptable. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss social factors into medical explanation that was most strongly evidenced in branches of medicine closely related to the community. Explain phenomena at the intersection of the social and clinical sciences and to play a role in the modernization of the medical industry. Participate as a forum for communication between medical teachers and those involved in general education.	2+0	None
RT499	Project Course Description and CLOs Course Description The intention of this course is to introduce the student about the preparation and evaluation of technical comparative statement of specifications of imaging modalities. Students will select a modality item among the medical imaging modalities and prepare a comparative statement of same modality manufactured by various manufacturers or comparison of two different modalities for any specific investigation. During this course student will be able to learn about team work, self-reflection and collaboration with healthcare system and with community to fulfill their research methodology. Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, students will be able to: Discuss some basic research methodology, gain knowledge of the specific area of radiology. Chose form of presentation or publication for the student. Practice for students planning to enter radiology as a career. Perform researched and have the opportunity for more extensive one-on-one interaction with a member of the radiological staff.	0+6	None
RT416	Bio-ethics	2+0	None
RT417	Bio-entrepreneurship	2+0	None